Table of Contents Toggle Put Option কি?Put Option কীভাবে কাজ করে?Put Options ExampleScenario 1Scenario 2Put Sell Option কিভাবে Calculate করবেন?Put Option Sell করার জন্য Payoff ChartPut Option এর সুবিধাFAQs Option Trading এর Concept টি একটু জটিল মনে হলেও, এর Basic বিষয়গুলি বুঝতে পারলে এটি আপনার Trading Journey কে আরও সহজ করে তুলবে এবং আপনার Investment Potentiality কে Significantly বাড়িয়ে তুলতে সাহায্য করবে। Stock Market-এ Trading করার অনেক ধরনের উপায় রয়েছে, তবে তার মধ্যে অন্যতম হলো Call Option Trading & Put Option Trading. Call Option Trading সম্পর্কে বিস্তারিত তথ্য ইতিমধ্যে আমরা আগের ব্লগে আলোচনা করেছি- A Beginners guide to call options trading in Bengali blog by INVESMATE এই ব্লগটির মাধ্যমে আমরা খুব সহজেই Put Option Trading কি, Trading এর ক্ষেত্রে এটি কিভাবে কাজ করে এবং তার Potential Benefit ও Risk সম্পর্কে একটি সম্পূর্ণ ধারণা দিতে চলেছি যা আপনার Trading Journey কে আরও মজবুত করে তুলবে।Read: The Beginner’s Guide to Option Trading in Bangla blog Buy INVESMATE Put Option কি? Put option হল একটি Contract যা Buyer কে একটি নির্দিষ্ট Price এ (Strike Price হিসাবে পরিচিত) একটি নির্দিষ্ট সময়সীমার মধ্যে একটি Underlying Asset (যেমন Stock, Currencies, বা Commodities) কে Sell করার Right দেয়, কিন্তু কোনো Obligation থাকে না। Put Option কীভাবে কাজ করে? যখন একজন বিনিয়োগকারী একটি Put Option Buy করে, তখন তারা অনুমান করছে যে Expire হওয়ার আগে Underlying Asset-র Price, Strike Price-র নিচে চলে আসবে।যদি Underlying Asset-র Price Strike Price এর নিচে নেমে যায়,তখন Investor রা এই Option টি ব্যবহার করতে পারে, একটি High Strike Price-এ Asset Sell করে এবং তা Low Market Price–এ Buy করে Profit অর্জন করতে পারে।Expiration হওয়ার আগে যদি Asset এর Price, Strike Price এর নিচে না আসে, তাহলে Option টি Worthless হয়ে যাবে এবং Invetor রা শুধুমাত্র Option-র জন্য প্রদত্ত Premium টি হারাবেন।বিপরীতভাবে, যখন একজন বিনিয়োগকারী একটি Put Option Sell করে, তখন তারা Expect করে যে Asset এর Price যেন Strike Price এর উপরে থাকে। Put Options Example Put Option-র দুটি ধরনের উদাহরণ রয়েছে: Put Option Buy এবং Put Option Sell. Scenario 1 Buying a Put Optionএকটি Put Option Buy করার সময়, Buyer Option-র Expiry হওয়ার আগে যেকোন সময় একটি নির্দিষ্ট Strike Price এ Underlying Asset টি Sell করার Right অর্জন করে।Example on put Option BuyingPut Option Buying কে সহজভাবে বোঝার জন্য উদাহরণ হিসেবে নিচে তুলে ধরা হলো। * Spot Price,Strike Price,Premium,Expiration Date Explained করা হয়েছে। The Beginner’s Guide to Options Trading blog By INVESMATE অনুগ্রহ করে এই Blog টি পড়ুন। Nifty Index-এর Price পতনের প্রত্যাশায় একটি Put Option Buy করা যেতে পারে।আমরা এখানে Nifty Index বেছে নিয়েছি। 9 মে, 2024-এ, Nifty-র Underlying Asset এর Price (Spot Price) ছিল 22,289.35। Nifty Put Option টির Strike Price 23,000 ধরে নেওয়া হয়েছে এবং এর Price ছিল 170.45। এই Option-র Expiration হওয়ার Date হল 15 মে, 2024। যখন Nifty-র Underlying Asset Price (Spot Price) 21,968.15-এ পড়েছিল, তখন Put Option-র Price বেড়ে 264 টাকা হয়।Potential Outcomes :Put Option টির Premium Increase হয়ে 264 টাকা হয়েছে, যদি 170.45 টাকা তে Put Option টি Buy করা হতো তাহলে Option টি 264 টাকায় Sell করার মাধ্যমে, +2,338.75. Profit Book করা যেত।Profit & Loss Calculated =(Current Premium -Premium Paid) x Lot size =(264 – 170.45)=93.55 =93.55 x 25 (Lot) = +2,338.75কিন্তু একটি বিষয় মনে রাখা জরুরি, যদি Nifty-এর Underlying Asset-র Price (Spot Price) 22,289.35 এর উপরে চলে যেত তাহলে আমরা Option-র জন্য প্রদত্ত Premium হারাবো। এই ক্ষেত্রে-ধরা যাক Expiry শেষে Nifty 23,350-তে পৌঁছেছে। = এখন Option টির Intrinsic Value হবে “0” , তাই Expiry শেষ হওয়ার সময় আমাদেরকে “0” Value তে Option টি Sell করতে হবে। ** Note:Intrinsic value =( 23,000 -23,350)= -350 =0= 0 -170.45 = -170.45 x 25 (1 Lot) = – 4,261.25The Payoff Chart For Put Option Buy একটি Put Option Buying এর জন্য Payoff Chart Indicate করে যে Profit-র সম্ভাবনা Unlimited, কারণ Underlying Asset-র Price পতনের সাথে Profit বৃদ্ধি পায়।Maximum Loss Put Option এর জন্য Initial Premium-র মধ্যে সীমাবদ্ধ। এর অর্থ হল, Underlying Asset এর Price যতই বৃদ্ধি হোক না কেন, Option Holder সর্বাধিক যে পরিমাণ Loss করতে পারেন তা হল Option Premium-র জন্য Paid Amount. Scenario 2 Shorting a Put Optionযখন আমরা একটি Put Option Sell করি, তখন আমরা Seller(যাকে Writer ও বলা হয়)। এটি সাধারণত সেই সময়ে করা হয় যখন আমরা আশা করি যে Underlying Asset-র Price Strike Price-র উপরে থাকবে, তাছাড়া যদি আমরা Already কোন Underlying Asset-র Owner হই তাহলে আমরা এখান থেকে Additional Income Generate করতে পারি।Example on Put Option SellingPut Option Selling কে সহজভাবে বোঝার জন্য উদাহরণ হিসেবে নিচে তুলে ধরা হলো। * Spot Price,Strike Price,Premium,Expiration Date Explained The Beginner’s Guide to Options Trading blog By INVESMATE Please read this Blog Put Sell Option কিভাবে Calculate করবেন? Profit & Loss Calculated =(Premium Received — Intrinsic Value)x lot size **Note: Intrinsic value =( Strike Price -Current Market Spot Price) Nifty Index-র Price বৃদ্ধির প্রত্যাশায় একটি Put Option Sell করা যেতে পারে।আমরা এখানে Nifty Index টি বেছে নিয়েছি। 23মে, 2024-এ, Nifty-র Underlying Asset-র Price (Spot Price) ছিল 22,600.85। Nifty Put Option-র Strike Price 23,000 ধরে নেওয়া হয়েছে এবং এর Price ছিল 370.55। এই Option-র Expiration হওয়ার Date 30মে, 2024। যখন Nifty-র Underlying Asset Price (Spot Price) 22,972-এ উঠেছিল, তখন Put Option-র Price কমে 191.20 -এ আসে।Potential Outcomes:Put Option টির Premium Decrease হয়ে 191.20 টাকা হয়েছে, , যদি আমরা 370.55 টাকার Put Option টি Sell করতাম তাহলে Option টি Execute করার মাধ্যমে, আমরা +4,483.75 Profit Book করতাম। Profit & Loss Calculated =(Premium Received – Current Premium ) x Lot size = (370.55– 191.20) =179.35 =(179.35 x 25)= +4,483.75কিন্তু একটি বিষয় মনে রাখা জরুরি, যদি Nifty-র Underlying Asset-র Price(Spot Price) Expiration শেষে 22,600.85-এর নীচে নেমে যেত, তাহলে আমরা Put Option sell এ Loss-র সম্মুখীন হব। এই ক্ষেত্রে –=ধরা যাক Expiry শেষে Nifty 22,550-তে পৌঁছেছে। =370.55- Option-র Intrinsic value ** Note: Intrinsic value =(23,000 – 22,550)=450=370.55 – 450= –279.45 x 25(1 Lot) = – 1,986.25 Put Option Sell করার জন্য Payoff Chart একটি Put Option Selling-র জন্য Payoff Chart Indicate করে যে Profit Premium Received-র মধ্যে সীমাবদ্ধ।Potential Loss Unlimited, কারণ এটি Underlying Asset-র Price-র পতনের সাথে বৃদ্ধি পায়। Put Option এর সুবিধা Hedging: একটি পোর্টফোলিওতে Potential Loss এর বিরুদ্ধে Hedge করার জন্য Put Options ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে।Speculation: Trader রা একটি Asset এর Price Decrease-র উপর Bet ধরতে Put Option ব্যবহার করতে পারে।Limited Risk: Option এর জন্য Maximum Loss Premium Paid-র মধ্যে সীমাবদ্ধ।মনে রাখবেন Option Trading এ Risk Involve আছে , এবং Profit এর কোন Guarantee নেই। শিখতে এবং Practice করতে আপনার সময় নিন এবং ধীরে ধীরে একজন Trader হিসাবে আপনার Skill এবং Confidence তৈরি করুন। FAQs 1. Put Option কি? একটি Put Put আপনাকে একটি নির্দিষ্ট Expiration শেষ হওয়ার তারিখের মধ্যে Specific Price এ একটি Underlying Asset কোন Obligation ছাড়াই Sell করার অধিকার দেয়। 2. Put Option কিভাবে কাজ করে? Put Options এ তখন Profit হয় যখন Underlying Asset এর Price decrease হয়। এগুলি Insurance এর মতো কাজ করে, Holder কে মার্কেটের Fluctuation এর পরোয়া না করে একটি Predetermined Price এ Sell করার অনুমতি দেয়। 3. PE এবং CE কি? PE মানে হল “Put Option” এবং CE মানে হল ” Call Option”. 4. Put Option Vs Call Option কি? Call Option গুলি Holder কে একটি নির্দিষ্ট মূল্যে Underlying Asset Buy করার Right দেয়, যেখানে Put Option গুলি তাদের একটি নির্দিষ্ট মূল্যে এটি Sell করতে দেয়। 5. আমি কি আমার Put Option Sell করতে পারি? হ্যাঁ, আপনি আপনার Put Option এর Expiration শেষ হওয়ার আগে Sell করতে পারেন। {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. Put Option \u0995\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf Put Put \u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f Expiration \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0996\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 Specific Price \u098f \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf Underlying Asset \u0995\u09cb\u09a8 Obligation \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u0987 Sell \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a7\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. Put Option \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Put Options \u098f \u09a4\u0996\u09a8 Profit \u09b9\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u0996\u09a8 Underlying Asset \u098f\u09b0 Price decrease \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 \u098f\u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf Insurance \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u0995\u09be\u099c \u0995\u09b0\u09c7, Holder \u0995\u09c7 \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u099f\u09c7\u09b0 Fluctuation \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cb\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf Predetermined Price \u098f Sell \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09ae\u09a4\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. PE \u098f\u09ac\u0982 CE \u0995\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"PE \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09b2 “Put Option\u201d \u098f\u09ac\u0982 CE \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09b9\u09b2 ” Call Option”."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. Put Option Vs Call Option \u0995\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Call Option \u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf Holder \u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 Underlying Asset Buy \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 Right \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc, \u09af\u09c7\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 Put Option \u0997\u09c1\u09b2\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u098f\u099f\u09bf Sell \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. \u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 Put Option Sell \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0981, \u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf \u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 Put Option \u098f\u09b0 Expiration \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 Sell \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964"}}]}
A Beginner’s Guide to Understanding Put Options
Table of Contents Toggle What is a Put Options?How Do Put Options work?Put Options ExampleScenario 1Scenario 2How to Calculate Put Sell Options?The Payoff Chart For Selling Put OptionBenefits of Put OptionsFAQs Option trading might seem complex, but understanding the basic concepts can simplify your trading journey and significantly enhance your investment potential. Among the various methods of trading in the stock market, Call Option Trading and Put Option Trading are prominent techniques. We have already discussed detailed information about Call Option Trading in a previous blog- A beginners guide to call options trading blog by INVESMATE In this blog, we’ll provide you with a comprehensive understanding of what a put Option is, how it works, and its potential benefits and risks. This knowledge will assist you in embarking on your trading journey.Read : The Beginner’s Guide to Options Trading blog By INVESMATE What is a Put Options? A put option is a financial contract that grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to sell an underlying asset (Such as Stocks, Currencies, or Commodities) at a specified price (Known as the strike price) within a predetermined period. How Do Put Options work? When an investor buys a Put Option, they are speculating that the price of the underlying asset will fall below from the strike price before the option expires. If the asset’s price falls below from the Strike Price, the investor can exercise the Option, sell the asset at the higher Strike Price, and potentially buy it back at the lower market price for a profit. If the asset’s price does not fall below the Strike Price before expiration, the Option will expire worthless, and the investor will lose only the premium paid for the option.Conversely, when an investor sells a put option, they expect the price of the asset to be above the strike price. Put Options Example There are two types of examples for Put options: Put option buying and Put option selling. Scenario 1 Buying a Put OptionWhen buying a put option, the buyer acquires the right to sell the underlying asset at the strike price at any time before the option expires.Example on put Option BuyingBelow is an example for easy understanding of Put Option Buying. * Spot Price,Strike Price,Premium,Expiration Date Explained The Beginner’s Guide to Options Trading blog By INVESMATE Please read this Blog In anticipation of a decline in the Nifty Index price, a Put Option can be bought.We have chosen the Nifty-50 index. On May 9th, 2024, the Nifty’s underlying asset price (Spot Price) was 22,289.35. Taking in consideration the Nifty put Option with a strike price of 23,000 was priced at 170.45. The expiration date for this option is 15th May, 2024. When the Nifty’s Underlying Price (Spot Price) fell to 21,968.15, the put Option price increased to 264 .Potential Outcomes :The premium of the put option has increased by Rs. 264. If we had bought the put option at Rs.170.45 then selling it at Rs 264 then we would have booked a profit of +2,338.75.Profit & Loss Calculated =(Current Premium -Premium Paid) x Lot size =(264 – 170.45)=93.55 =93.55 x 25 (Lot) = +2,338.75But one thing to remember is that if the Nifty Underlying Asset Price (Spot Price) goes above to 22,289.35 , we will lose the Premium paid for the option. in this case-Let’s say Nifty reaches 23,350 on Expiry = Now the Intrinsic Value of the option will be “0” , hence on Expiry we have to sell the option at “0” value. ** Note:Intrinsic value =( 23,000 -23,350)= -350 =0= 0 -170.45 = -170.45 x 25 (1 Lot) = – 4,261.25The Payoff Chart For Put Option Buy The payoff chart for a put option buying indicates that the profit potential is unlimited, as the profit increases with the fall in the underlying asset’s price.The maximum loss is limited to the initial premium paid for the put option. This means that regardless of how high the underlying asset’s price is , the most the option holder can lose is the amount paid for the option premium. Scenario 2 Shorting a Put OptionWhen selling a put option, the seller assumes the obligation to buy the underlying asset at the strike price if the buyer exercises the option.Example on Put Option SellingBelow is an example for easy understanding of Put Option Selling. * Spot Price,Strike Price,Premium,Expiration Date Explained The Beginner’s Guide to Options Trading blog By INVESMATE Please read this Blog In anticipation of a rise in the Nifty Index price, a Put Option can be sold.We have chosen the Nifty-50 index. On May 23rd, 2024, the Nifty’s underlying asset price (Spot Price) was 22,600.85. Taking in consideration the Nifty put Option with a strike price of 23,000 was priced at 370.55. The expiration date for this option is 30th May, 2024. When the Nifty’s Underlying Price (Spot Price) rose to 22,972, the put Option price decreased to 191.20.Potential Outcomes:The premium of the put option has decreased by 191.20 rupees. If we sell the put option for Rs.370.55, then by executing the option, we would have booked a profit of Rs. +4,483.75 Profit & Loss Calculated =(Premium Received – Current Premium ) x Lot size = (370.55– 191.20) =179.35 =(179.35 x 25)= +4,483.75But one thing to remember is that if the Nifty’s Underlying Asset Price (Spot Price) goes below 22,600.85 at the time of expiry, we will lose the Premium paid for the option. In this case-=Let’s say Nifty reaches 22,400 on Expiry =370.55- Intrinsic value of option ** Note: Intrinsic value =(23,000 – 22,550)=450=370.55 – 450= –279.45 x 25(1 Lot) = – 1,986.25 How to Calculate Put Sell Options? Profit & Loss Calculated =(Premium Received — Intrinsic Value)x lot size **Note: Intrinsic value =( Strike Price -Current Market Spot Price) The Payoff Chart For Selling Put Option The payoff chart for selling a put option indicates that the profit is limited to the premium received, The potential loss is unlimited, as it increases with the fall in the underlying asset’s price. Benefits of Put Options Hedging: Put options can be used to hedge against potential losses in a portfolio.Speculation: Traders can use put options to bet on the decline of an asset’s price.Limited Risk: The maximum loss is limited to the premium paid for the option.Remember that options trading involves risks, and there’s no guarantee of profits. Take your time to learn and practice, and gradually build your skills and confidence as a trader. FAQs 1. What is a put option? A put option gives you the right, but not the obligation, to sell a Underlying asset at a specific price by a particular expiration date. 2. How does the put option work? Put options profit when the underlying asset’s price decreases. They act as insurance, allowing the holder to sell at a predetermined price, regardless of market fluctuations. 3. What Is PE and CE? PE stands for “Put Option” and CE stands for “ Call Option”. 4. What is a put option Vs Call Option ? Call options allow the holder to buy the underlying asset at a specified price, while Put options allow them to sell it at a specified price. 5. Can I sell my put option? Yes, you can sell your put option before its expiration date. {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. What is a put option?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"A put option gives you the right, but not the obligation, to sell a Underlying asset at a specific price by a particular expiration date."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. 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The Role of Commodity Exchanges & Participants in Commodity Market
Table of Contents Toggle Understanding the Role of Commodity Exchanges1. Price Discovery2. Risk Management3. Quality Assurance4. Market DevelopmentThree-Tier Regulatory SystemParticipants/Players in Commodity MarketsHedgersSpeculatorsArbitrageursConclusionFAQs Commodity exchanges are organized marketplaces where futures trade occurs through a centralized mechanism, fostering competitive trading among buyers and sellers. Understanding the Role of Commodity Exchanges 1. Price Discovery True Market Value: Exchanges match supply with demand to determine the accurate price of commodities.Transparency: This process prevents market manipulation, ensuring fair trading for all participants. 2. Risk Management Price Protection: Futures and options contracts help traders lock in prices for future transactions.Reducing Uncertainty: These tools lower market volatility and minimize price change risks. 3. Quality Assurance Setting Standards: Exchanges define quality and quantity standards for commodities.Ensuring Consistency: These standards reduce delivery disputes and ensure uniformity. 4. Market Development Encouraging Competition: Exchanges drive growth and innovation by fostering competition among market participants.Creating Opportunities: They bring together buyers, sellers, and investors, enabling value addition and wealth creation. Three-Tier Regulatory System Ministry Of Consumer Affairs: Responsible for monitoring prices, consumer movement, controlling statutory bodies like BIS, internal and inter-state trade, and controlling futures trading under relevant acts.Department for Food and Public Distribution: Ensures food security through efficient procurement and distribution, maintains food stocks, and supports farmers via Minimum Support Price. Manages PDS, Antyodaya Anna Yojna, grain banks, and sugar sector regulations, including export/import of food grains, sugar, and edible oils.Forward Market Commission (FMC): Advises the government on market regulations, monitors forward markets, publishes trading information, and inspects accounts of recognized associations. Participants/Players in Commodity Markets Hedgers Hedgers reduce the risk of price fluctuations by using futures contracts to lock in prices for commodities.Role:Protect against price volatility.Secure stable costs for commodities.Ensure consistent supply and pricing.Examples:ITC Ltd hedging against potential price drops in crops.ONGC securing prices for future oil production.Tata Steel locking in costs for raw materials like metals. Speculators Speculators aim to profit from price movements of commodities without having an underlying interest in the physical commodities.Role:Provide liquidity to the markets.Aid in price discovery.Assume the risks that hedgers want to avoid.Examples:Individual traders predicting commodity price movements.Reliance Mutual Fund taking positions in commodity futures.Edelweiss Financial Services engaging in short-term trades. Arbitrageurs Arbitrageurs profit from price discrepancies by buying and selling identical or equivalent commodities in different markets simultaneously.Role:Ensure price uniformity across different markets.Enhance market efficiency.Help in balancing supply and demand.Examples:Zerodha traders exploiting price differences between two exchanges.Adani Enterprises using differences in spot and futures prices.International traders taking advantage of price variances between countries. Read Our Blog : Market Order Vs Limit Order Conclusion These components work together to ensure the efficient functioning of commodity markets, facilitating secure and transparent trading, and minimizing risks for participants. FAQs 1. What are the Top 3 Commodities? Three of the most commonly traded commodities include oil, gold, and base metals. 2. What is the Timing of the commodity market? The market operates Monday to Friday in two sessions: morning (9:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M.) and evening (05:00 P.M. – 11:30 P.M./11:55 P.M.) 3. What exactly does the term "Hedger" mean in the Commodity Market? Hedgers are usually Manufacturing and Producers, who use the Commodity Future Market to hedge against risk. 4. Who regulates the commodity market in India? Since September 28, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has regulated the commodity derivatives market in India. The former Forward Markets Commission governed the commodity futures market prior to September 28, 2015. (FMC). 5. How to earn money in the commodity market? Traders make money by buying commodities or commodity derivatives for a certain price and then subsequently selling them for a higher price. {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. What are the Top 3 Commodities?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Three of the most commonly traded commodities include oil, gold, and base metals."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. What is the Timing of the commodity market?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The market operates Monday to Friday in two sessions: morning (9:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M.) and evening (05:00 P.M. – 11:30 P.M.\/11:55 P.M.)"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. What exactly does the term \"Hedger\" mean in the Commodity Market?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Hedgers are usually Manufacturing and Producers, who use the Commodity Future Market to hedge against risk."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. Who regulates the commodity market in India?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Since September 28, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has regulated the commodity derivatives market in India. The former Forward Markets Commission governed the commodity futures market prior to September 28, 2015. (FMC)."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. How to earn money in the commodity market?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Traders make money by buying commodities or commodity derivatives for a certain price and then subsequently selling them for a higher price."}}]}
Commodity Exchanges এবং Commodity Market-এর অংশগ্রহণকারীরা
Table of Contents Toggle Understanding the Role of Commodity Exchanges1. Price Discovery2. Risk Management3. Quality Assurance4. Market DevelopmentThree-Tier Regulatory SystemParticipants/Players in Commodity MarketsHedgersSpeculatorsArbitrageursConclusionFAQs Commodity Exchanges হল Organized Marketplaces, যেখানে একটি Centralized Mechanism-র মাধ্যমে Futures Trade ঘটে, যা Buyers ও Seller-দের মধ্যে Competitive Trading এ উৎসাহ প্রদান করে। Understanding the Role of Commodity Exchanges 1. Price Discovery True Market Value: Exchanges, Commodities-র সঠিক মূল্য নির্ধারণের জন্য Demand -র সাথে Supply-র মিল রাখে।Transparency: এই Process টি Market Manipulation রোধ করে, সমস্ত Participant-দের জন্য Fair Trading নিশ্চিত করে। 2. Risk Management Price Protection: Futures এবং Options Contracts, Trader -দের Future Transactions-র জন্য Prices Lock করতে সাহায্য করে।Reducing Uncertainty: এই Tool গুলি Market Volatility কমায় এবং Price Change Risks হ্রাস করে৷ 3. Quality Assurance Setting Standards: এক্সচেঞ্জগুলি Commodities-র Quality এবং Quantity -র Standards নির্ধারণ করে।Ensuring Consistency: এই Standards, Delivery Disputes কমায় এবং Uniformity নিশ্চিত করে৷ 4. Market Development Encouraging Competition: Exchanges, Market Participant-দের মধ্যে প্রতিযোগিতা বৃদ্ধির মাধ্যমে Growth এবং Innovation এর দিকে চালিত করে।Creating Opportunities: তারা Value Addition এবং Wealth Creation -কে সক্ষম করে Buyers, Sellers এবং Investor-দের একত্রিত করে। Three-Tier Regulatory System Ministry Of Consumer Affairs: Prices Monitoring, Consumer Movement, BIS-এর মতো Statutory সংস্থা নিয়ন্ত্রণ, Internal এবং Inter-State Trade, এবং Relevant Acts-র অধীনে Futures Trading Controlling-র জন্য দায়ী।Department for Food and Public Distribution: Efficient Procurement এবং Distribution এর মাধ্যমে Food Security নিশ্চিত করে, Food Stocks Maintains রাখে এবং Minimum Support Price-র মাধ্যমে কৃষকদের সহায়তা করে। PDS, Antyodaya Anna Yojna, Grain Banks সহ Sugar Sector পরিচালনা করে, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে Food Grains, Sugar, এবং Edible Oils -র রপ্তানি/আমদানি।Forward Market Commission (FMC): সরকারকে Market Regulations-র বিষয়ে পরামর্শ দেয়, Forward Markets পর্যবেক্ষণ করে, Trading Information প্রকাশ করে এবং Recognized Associations-র Accounts পরিদর্শন করে। Participants/Players in Commodity Markets Hedgers Hedgers, Commodities এর দাম Lock করার জন্য Futures Contracts ব্যবহার করে Price Fluctuations এর ঝুঁকি কমায়।Role:Price Volatility থেকে Protect করে।Commodities এর Stable Costs Secure করে।Consistent Supply এবং Pricing নিশ্চিত করুন।Examples:ITC Ltd ফসলের (Crops) Potential Price Drops -র বিরুদ্ধে Hedging করে।ONGC, Future Oil Production-র জন্য Prices Secure করে।Metals এর মতো Raw Materials -র জন্য Tata Steel Locking Costs. Speculators Physical Commodities -র প্রতি Underlying Interest ছাড়াই Speculators, Physical Commodities এর Price Movements থেকে মুনাফা অর্জনের লক্ষ্য রাখে।Role:মার্কেটে Liquidity প্রদান করে।Price Discovery তে সহায়তা।Hedgers যে ঝুঁকিগুলি এড়াতে চান তা অনুমান করতে সাহায্য করে৷Examples:Individual ব্যবসায়ীরা পণ্যের দামের গতিবিধির Predicting করে।Reliance Mutual Fund, Commodity Futures এ Positions নিচ্ছে।Edelweiss Financial Services স্বল্পমেয়াদী Trades এ জড়িত। Arbitrageurs Arbitrageurs একই সাথে বিভিন্ন মার্কেটে Identical বা Equivalent Commodities ক্রয় ও বিক্রয় করে মূল্যের Discrepancies থেকে লাভবান হয়।Role:বিভিন্ন মার্কেটে জুড়ে Price Uniformity নিশ্চিত করে।Market Efficiency বাড়ায় ।Supply এবং Demand-র ভারসাম্য বজায় রাখতে সহায়তা করে।Examples:Zerodha Traders দুটি এক্সচেঞ্জের মধ্যে Price Differences-কে কাজে লাগায়।Spot এবং Futures এর দামের পার্থক্য ব্যবহার করে Adani Enterprises.International Traders দেশগুলির মধ্যে Price Variances -র সুবিধা কাজে লাগায়৷ আরও পড়ুন : Market Order এবং Limit Order কি? Conclusion These components work together to ensure the efficient functioning of commodity markets, facilitating secure and transparent trading, and minimizing risks for participants. FAQs 1. Top 3 টি Commodities কি কি ? তিনটি সবচেয়ে বেশি লেনদেন করা Commodities এর মধ্যে রয়েছে Oil, Gold এবং Base Metals. 2. Commodity মার্কেট এর Timing কি ? মার্কেটটি সোমবার থেকে শুক্রবার দুটি Sessions এ চলে: সকাল (9:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M.) এবং সন্ধ্যা (05:00 P.M. – 11:30 P.M./11:55 P.M.) 3. Commodity Market এ "Hedger" শব্দটি ঠিক কী বোঝায় ? Hedger রা সাধারণত Manufacturing এবং Producers হয়, যারা Commodity Future Market কে ঝুঁকির বিরুদ্ধে Hedge করার জন্য ব্যবহার করে থাকে। 4. ভারতে Commodity Market নিয়ন্ত্রণ করে কে ? সেপ্টেম্বর 28, 2015 থেকে, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) ভারতে Commodity Derivatives Market নিয়ন্ত্রণ করেছে। প্রাক্তন Forward Markets Commission 28 সেপ্টেম্বর, 2015 এর আগে Commodity Futures Market পরিচালনা করত (FMC)। 5. কিভাবে Commodity Market এ অর্থ উপার্জন করা যেতে পারে? Trader-রা একটি Certain Price এ Commodities বা Commodity Derivatives ক্রয় করে এবং পরবর্তীতে Higher Price এ বিক্রি করে অর্থ উপার্জন করতে পারে। {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. Top 3 \u099f\u09bf Commodities \u0995\u09bf \u0995\u09bf ?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09b2\u09c7\u09a8\u09a6\u09c7\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be Commodities \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09c7 \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 Oil, Gold \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Base Metals."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. Commodity \u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u099f \u098f\u09b0 Timing \u0995\u09bf ?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09ae\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09c7\u099f\u099f\u09bf \u09b8\u09cb\u09ae\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09b6\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf Sessions \u098f \u099a\u09b2\u09c7: \u09b8\u0995\u09be\u09b2 (9:00 A.M. – 5:00 P.M.) \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09a8\u09cd\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09be (05:00 P.M. – 11:30 P.M.\/11:55 P.M.)"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. Commodity Market \u098f \"Hedger\" \u09b6\u09ac\u09cd\u09a6\u099f\u09bf \u09a0\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09c0 \u09ac\u09cb\u099d\u09be\u09af\u09bc ?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Hedger \u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09be\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3\u09a4 Manufacturing \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Producers \u09b9\u09af\u09bc, \u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09be Commodity Future Market \u0995\u09c7 \u099d\u09c1\u0981\u0995\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 Hedge \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b9\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09c7\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 Commodity Market \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0995\u09c7 ?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09b8\u09c7\u09aa\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0 28, 2015 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) \u09ad\u09be\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 Commodity Derivatives Market \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 Forward Markets Commission 28 \u09b8\u09c7\u09aa\u09cd\u099f\u09c7\u09ae\u09cd\u09ac\u09b0, 2015 \u098f\u09b0 \u0986\u0997\u09c7 Commodity Futures Market \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4 (FMC)\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 Commodity Market \u098f \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09af\u09c7\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Trader-\u09b0\u09be \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf Certain Price \u098f Commodities \u09ac\u09be Commodity Derivatives \u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09b0\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 Higher Price \u098f \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u0964"}}]}
How to file Income Tax Return (ITR) Online 2024
Table of Contents Toggle Verify the correct ITR formTypes of ITR Forms for Income Tax Return FilingCollect Form 16Choose Wisely: Old Tax Regime vs. New Tax RegimeIncome Tax SlabsCapture all income sources:Reconcile with Form 26AS/ AIS/ TISDeadlineConclusionFAQs The Income Tax Return (ITR) filing for the 2024-25 assessment year is in full swing, with about 4.76 lakh returns already submitted. Filing your ITR can feel overwhelming, especially if you’re unfamiliar with the process. Neglecting to file your ITR or submitting incorrect details can result in stressful notices from the Income Tax Department. But don’t worry to make it easier for you, here are some key tips to ensure a smooth and hassle-free ITR filing experience. Verify the correct ITR form Different ITR forms are available based on your income source, income amount, and filing status. Selecting the appropriate form for your specific situation is crucial to avoid mistakes. Types of ITR Forms for Income Tax Return Filing ITR-1: For resident individuals with income from salaries, one house property, other sources (interest, etc.), and total income up to ₹50 lakh.ITR-2: For individuals and HUFs not engaged in business or profession under any proprietorship.ITR-3: For individuals and HUFs with income from a proprietary business or profession.ITR-4: For individuals with presumptive income from business or profession. Collect Form 16 Form 16 is a TDS certificate from your employer for salaried individuals.It includes all salary details needed for filing income tax returns.It provides information on deductions claimed, salary earned, and exemptions availed. Choose Wisely: Old Tax Regime vs. New Tax Regime Perhaps the most important question for new taxpayers will be to figure out whether they want to opt for the new tax regime or the old regime. While the new tax regime offers lower tax rates, the old regime provides deductions and tax benefits that can help taxpayers save money. Income Tax Slabs To assist you in choosing between the old regime and the new regime, we have detailed the Income Tax slabs below: Capture all income sources: Accurately reporting all income sources is crucial for ITR filing.Failure to disclose incomes like salaries, investments, rental income, or interest from multiple bank accounts can trigger notices from the Income Tax Department. Reconcile with Form 26AS/ AIS/ TIS AIS and TIS tools offer detailed data on financial transactions and tax-related information, crucial for ITR preparation. Form 26AS, originally a necessary document, now serves as a tax passbook displaying TDS and TCS details. Taxpayers should refer to both Form 26AS and AIS while filing their ITR to ensure all tax credits and deductions are accounted for. Deadline According to the latest regulations of the Income Tax department, failure to file their ITR by the deadline will automatically subject the taxpayer to the new tax regime. The standard due date for filing your ITR is July 31st.File your ITR on time to avoid late fees and interest. Filing early prevents last-minute rush and errors. Conclusion Filing your ITR in India can be overwhelming, but with preparation, it’s manageable. Remember, choose the right form, gather documents, understand income and deductions, meet deadlines, verify, e-file, and seek expert advice if needed. Stay tax-compliant and efficient! FAQs 1. Can I claim 80C deductions and opt for a new income tax slab regime? No, in the new tax regime, you cannot claim many deductions and exemptions available in the old regime, including those under Section 80C. 2. If my income is 5 lakhs, how much tax do I have to pay? No tax is payable because there is a rebate available up to Rs. 5 lakhs in the old regime and up to Rs. 7 lakhs in the new regime. 3. When is the last date of ITR Filing? ITR filing last date for Financial Year 2023-24 is July 31, 2024. 4. What happens if the tax is not deposited by the last date of ITR filing? For incomes above ₹5 lakh, the penalty for filing ITR is ₹5,000 if filed before 31st December of the Assessment Year, and ₹10,000 if filed after 31st December but before 31st March of the Assessment Year. For incomes below ₹5 lakh, the penalty is ₹1,000. 5. If more TDS is paid, at what percentage rate is it refundable? An interest of 0.5% per month is paid from April 1 till the date on which the refund is granted. However, such interest is not payable when the tax refund is less than 10% of the total tax liability. {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. Can I claim 80C deductions and opt for a new income tax slab regime?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"No, in the new tax regime, you cannot claim many deductions and exemptions available in the old regime, including those under Section 80C."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. If my income is 5 lakhs, how much tax do I have to pay?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"No tax is payable because there is a rebate available up to Rs. 5 lakhs in the old regime and up to Rs. 7 lakhs in the new regime."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. When is the last date of ITR Filing?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"ITR filing last date for Financial Year 2023-24 is July 31, 2024."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. What happens if the tax is not deposited by the last date of ITR filing?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"For incomes above \u20b95 lakh, the penalty for filing ITR is \u20b95,000 if filed before 31st December of the Assessment Year, and \u20b910,000 if filed after 31st December but before 31st March of the Assessment Year. For incomes below \u20b95 lakh, the penalty is \u20b91,000."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. If more TDS is paid, at what percentage rate is it refundable?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"An interest of 0.5% per month is paid from April 1 till the date on which the refund is granted. However, such interest is not payable when the tax refund is less than 10% of the total tax liability."}}]}
Online-এ কি ভাবে Income Tax Return (ITR) File করতে হয়?
Table of Contents Toggle Verify the correct ITR formTypes of ITR Forms for Income Tax Return FilingCollect Form 16Choose Wisely: Old Tax Regime vs. New Tax RegimeIncome Tax SlabsCapture all income sources:Reconcile with Form 26AS/ AIS/ TISDeadlineConclusionFAQs ভারতে 2024-25 মূল্যায়ন বছরের জন্য Income Tax Return (ITR) ফাইলিং পুরোদমে চলছে, ইতিমধ্যে প্রায় 4.76 লক্ষ রিটার্ন জমা দেওয়া হয়েছে। আপনার ITR ফাইল করা Overwhelming বোধ হতে পারে, বিশেষ করে যদি আপনি প্রক্রিয়াটির সাথে অপরিচিত হন। আপনার ITR ফাইল করতে অবহেলা করা বা ভুল বিবরণ জমা দেওয়ার ফলে আয়কর বিভাগের Stressful Notice আসতে পারে।তবে আপনাকে একটি মসৃণ এবং ঝামেলামুক্ত ITR ফাইলিং অভিজ্ঞতা নিশ্চিত করার জন্য এখানে কিছু Key Tips দেওয়া রইল। Verify the correct ITR form আপনার আয়ের উৎস, আয়ের পরিমাণ এবং Filing Status এর উপর ভিত্তি করে বিভিন্ন ITR ফর্ম পাওয়া যায়। আপনার নির্দিষ্ট পরিস্থিতির জন্য উপযুক্ত ফর্ম নির্বাচন করা কোনো প্রকার ভুল এড়ানোর জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। Types of ITR Forms for Income Tax Return Filing ITR-1: আবাসিক ব্যক্তিদের জন্য যাদের বেতন থেকে আয়, একটি বাড়ির সম্পত্তি, অন্যান্য উত্স (সুদ, ইত্যাদি), এবং মোট আয় ₹50 লাখ পর্যন্ত। ITR-2: ব্যক্তি এবং HUF-দের জন্য যারা কোনো মালিকানার অধীনে ব্যবসা বা পেশায় নিয়োজিত নয়। ITR-3: মালিকানা ব্যবসা বা পেশা থেকে আয় সহ ব্যক্তি এবং HUF-দের জন্য। ITR-4: ব্যবসা বা পেশা থেকে অনুমানমূলক আয় সহ ব্যক্তিদের জন্য। Collect Form 16 Form 16 হল বেতনভোগী ব্যক্তিদের জন্য আপনার নিয়োগকর্তার কাছ থেকে একটি TDS শংসাপত্র।এতে আয়কর রিটার্ন দাখিলের জন্য প্রয়োজনীয় সমস্ত বেতন বিবরণ অন্তর্ভুক্ত রয়েছে।এটি Deductions Claimed, অর্জিত বেতন এবং প্রাপ্ত ছাড়ের তথ্য প্রদান করে। Choose Wisely: Old Tax Regime vs. New Tax Regime সম্ভবত নতুন করদাতাদের জন্য সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন হবে তারা New Tax Regime or the Old Regime এর মধ্যে কোনটি বেছে নিবেন তা বের করা। যদিও The New Tax Regime কম Tax Rates অফার করে, The Old Regime Deductions এবং Tax Benefits প্রদান করে যা করদাতাদের অর্থ সাশ্রয় করতে সহায়তা করতে পারে। Income Tax Slabs The Old Regime and the New Regime এর মধ্যে নির্বাচন করতে আপনাকে সহায়তা করার জন্য, আমরা নীচে Income Tax slabs বিস্তারিত করেছি: Capture all income sources: সকল আয়ের উৎস সঠিকভাবে রিপোর্ট করা ITR ফাইলিংয়ের জন্য অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।বেতন, বিনিয়োগ, ভাড়ার আয়, বা একাধিক ব্যাঙ্ক অ্যাকাউন্ট থেকে সুদের মতো আয় প্রকাশ করতে ব্যর্থ হলে আয়কর বিভাগ থেকে Notice আসতে পারে৷ Reconcile with Form 26AS/ AIS/ TIS AIS এবং TIS Tools আর্থিক লেনদেন এবং ট্যাক্স–সম্পর্কিত তথ্যের বিস্তারিত তথ্য প্রদান করে, যা ITR প্রস্তুতির জন্য গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। Form 26AS, মূলত একটি প্রয়োজনীয় নথি, এখন TDS এবং TCS বিশদ প্রদর্শন করে Tax Passbook হিসাবে কাজ করে।করদাতাদের তাদের ITR ফাইল করার সময় Form 26AS এবং AIS উভয়ই উল্লেখ করা উচিত যাতে করে সমস্ত Tax Credits এবং Deductions হিসাব করা হয়। Deadline আয়কর বিভাগের সর্বশেষ Regulations অনুসারে, সময়সীমার মধ্যে তাদের ITR ফাইল করতে ব্যর্থ হলে তা স্বয়ংক্রিয়ভাবে করদাতাকে New Tax ব্যবস্থার অধীন করে দেবে।আপনার ITR File করার Standard শেষ তারিখ হল 31শে জুলাই।Late Fee এবং Interest এড়াতে সময়মতো আপনার ITR File করুন। তাড়াতাড়ি File করা শেষ মুহূর্তের ভিড় এবং ত্রুটি প্রতিরোধ করে। Conclusion ভারতে আপনার ITR ফাইল করা অপ্রতিরোধ্য হতে পারে, তবে প্রস্তুতির সাথে, এটি অবশ্যই Manage করা সম্ভব। মনে রাখবেন, সঠিক Form Choose করুন, Documents সংগ্রহ করুন, আয় এবং Deductions, সময়সীমা পূরণ করুন, যাচাই করুন, ই–ফাইল করুন এবং প্রয়োজনে বিশেষজ্ঞের পরামর্শ নিন। Tax-Compliant এবং দক্ষ থাকুন। FAQs 1. আমি কি 80C ছাড় দাবি করতে পারি এবং New Income Tax Slab Regime ব্যবস্থা বেছে নিতে পারি? না, নতুন কর ব্যবস্থায়, আপনি ধারা 80C এর অধীনে থাকা সহ পুরানো ব্যবস্থায় উপলব্ধ অনেক ছাড় এবং ছাড় দাবি করতে পারবেন না। 2. আমার আয় যদি 5 লক্ষ হয়, তাহলে আমাকে কত Tax দিতে হবে? কোনো Tax প্রদেয় নয় কারণ এখানে 5 লক্ষ টাকা পর্যন্ত ছাড় পাওয়া যায়। Old Regime Rs.5 লক্ষ এবং New Regime ৭ লক্ষ টাকা। 3. ITR Filing-এর শেষ তারিখ কবে ? ITR Filing-এর শেষ তারিখ জুলাই 31, 2024. 4. ITR Filing-এর শেষ তারিখ পর্যন্ত Tax জমা না দিলে কি হবে? ₹5 লাখের বেশি আয়ের জন্য, Assessment বছরের 31শে ডিসেম্বরের আগে ITR ফাইল করার জন্য ₹5,000 এবং 31শে ডিসেম্বরের পরে কিন্তু Assessment বছরের 31শে মার্চের আগে ফাইল করা হলে ₹10,000 জরিমানা। ₹5 লাখের নিচে আয়ের জন্য, জরিমানা ₹1,000। 5. বেশি TDS দেওয়া থাকলে সেটা কত শতাংশ হারে ফেরতযোগ্য? 1 এপ্রিল থেকে ফেরত দেওয়ার তারিখ পর্যন্ত প্রতি মাসে 0.5% সুদ দেওয়া হয়। যাইহোক, ট্যাক্স রিফান্ড মোট ট্যাক্স দায়বদ্ধতার 10% এর কম হলে এই ধরনের সুদ প্রদেয় হয় না। {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. \u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf 80C \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc \u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf \u098f\u09ac\u0982 New Income Tax Slab Regime \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be \u09ac\u09c7\u099b\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09a8\u09be, \u09a8\u09a4\u09c1\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc, \u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be 80C \u098f\u09b0 \u0985\u09a7\u09c0\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a5\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09b8\u09b9 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cb \u09ac\u09cd\u09af\u09ac\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u0989\u09aa\u09b2\u09ac\u09cd\u09a7 \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc \u09a6\u09be\u09ac\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a8\u09be\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u09b0 \u0986\u09af\u09bc \u09af\u09a6\u09bf 5 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc, \u09a4\u09be\u09b9\u09b2\u09c7 \u0986\u09ae\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09a4 Tax \u09a6\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b9\u09ac\u09c7?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u0995\u09cb\u09a8\u09cb Tax \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc \u09a8\u09af\u09bc \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u098f\u0996\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 5 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4 \u099b\u09be\u09a1\u09bc \u09aa\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 Old Regime Rs.5 \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 New Regime \u09ed \u09b2\u0995\u09cd\u09b7 \u099f\u09be\u0995\u09be\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. ITR Filing-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0996 \u0995\u09ac\u09c7 ?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"ITR Filing-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u0996 \u099c\u09c1\u09b2\u09be\u0987 31, 2024."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. 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Best Technical Analysis Trading Course Online
Table of Contents Toggle The Key Concepts of Technical Analysis:The Implementation of Technical Analysis:The Relevance of Technical Analysis Trading Course in the Indian Trading MarketHow Technical Analysis Can Be Useful in Investment & Portfolio Management?The Significance of a Proper Trading Analysis CourseBenefits of Technical Analysis Trading Courses:The Best Technical Analysis Trading Course in IndiaWhy INVESMATE Will Be Everyone’s First Choice?Conclusion Technical analysis is one of the most vital terms in the world of the stock market. Whereby a trader or an investor employs charting tools such as rates of past performances, volume, and other techniques to predict the market price of shares. In this regard, technical analysis is a notable aspect of trading in the Indian stock market (or any instrument, in general), as it provides suggestions for the investment decision-making process and the identification of probable opportunities for enhancing performance. So, it’s good to go with the Best Technical Analysis Trading Course for mastering this important analytical skill. The Key Concepts of Technical Analysis: 1. Chart Patterns: Among various technical concepts like head and shoulders, double tops, and flags, chart patterns are at the top of the list. Chart patterns are used by traders to detect trend reversal or its continuation. 2. Moving Averages: Trading averages such as 51 days or two hundred, etc., help traders know the overall trend direction of a stock. 3. Relative Strength Index (RSI): The RSI indicator can assist traders in assessing the velocity, rate, and even reversal of price trends, especially when they show signs of being overbought or oversold. 4. Support and Resistance Levels: To plan beforehand and be able to trade in the Indian share market more effectively, one has to identify key support and resistance levels through the price analysis of previous trends. The Implementation of Technical Analysis: With reference to the above discussion, suppose an investor in India wishes to trade in Company X under the NSE. By employing technical analysis strategies, the investor can: Study Price Charts: Categorize Company X’s daily, weekly, and monthly price chart patterns using moving averages, candlestick formations, and trendlines in order to enter and exit his positions.Utilize Moving Averages: He needs to closely track how moving averages, such as 20-day and 50-day crossovers, happen to identify bullish or bearish signals regarding Company X’s share price.Apply Indicators: MACD can be used alongside an indicator, such as RSI, to validate whether to buy or sell and predict the momentum of a particular stock.Identify Support and Resistance Levels: Such vital technical indicators as support and resistance levels should be established for Company X stocks to set the stop-loss levels and the levels at which the profit will be targeted based on previous price trends. With the incorporation of these tools and the concept of technical analysis, any investor and trader can make better decisions and hedge the fluctuating tendencies of the stock price.In the same way, technical analysis can be useful to market participants on the Indian Stock Exchange because it helps give an understanding of price movements, direction, and possible trade opportunities. The one who is successfully able to analyze technical signals can make a better trading decision and try to get closer to their goals set for short-term and long-term actions. A fully curated technical analysis trading course online can provide you with a detailed idea. The Relevance of Technical Analysis Trading Course in the Indian Trading Market Technical analysis is very important for traders and investors in any market due to the following reasons: Decision Making: While entering a particular stock for buying or selling, charting the stocks, indicators, and pattern formations are most useful to predict the price variation to enhance operations. Risk Management: Initiating stop-loss orders Considering several technical analysis parameters of trends translates the risk into a safe trade. Timing Entry and Exit Points: Through technical analysis, it is easier to establish the important support and resistance levels, which are essential when defining points of entry and exit to ensure that traders achieve large profits and, where necessary, minimize losses in specific trades. Market Sentiment Analysis: Thus, analyzing the volumes and other oscillatory indicators, such as RSI, in terms of their magnitude and dynamics can help Indian traders identify the prevailing sentiment on the market and the psychology of investors. Confirmation of Fundamental Analysis: Through the use of technical analysis, one can affirm or deny the validity of a particular investment. Here, decisions about the investment can be made on various aspects. The aspects are mainly earnings reports, economic indicators, and other industry news. Adapting to Market Dynamics: Technical analysis serves as an effective set of tools. It is like active bartering in the rapidly evolving Indian stock market. And it can also be an efficient recommendation for timely market adjustments and corresponding reactions. How Technical Analysis Can Be Useful in Investment & Portfolio Management? Again, consider an Indian investor interested in trading stocks within the IT sector, particularly Company Y. Through his technical analysis and learning, the investor can:Analyze Price Patterns: Analyzing price graphs of Company Y, the investor can notice that on the same level, certain formations appear from time to time, similar to a triangle pattern or head and shoulders.Utilize Moving Averages: Fixed averages such as the fifty-day moving average and the two hundred-day moving average can assist the investor in identifying long-term movements of Company Y share prices for making proper investment decisions. Incorporate Indicators: The use of technical tools, such as the MACD or Bollinger Bands, provides confidence in signals and trends detected in the price of Company Y shares, making the investor’s strategies more accurate. Manage Risk: The investor can set the stop-loss levels and overall target for the effective management of risks for Company Y. The Significance of a Proper Trading Analysis Course Trading analysis courses can be considered a significant segment of traders’ and investors’ assistance, providing them with the necessary knowledge and skills in financial trading. Here are several reasons why enrolling in trading analysis courses is essential:Build the Foundation: A good trading analysis course helps shape a fundamental understanding of trading across several technical indicators, stock charts, and trading methods. It is crucial to have a concrete understanding of these concepts so that the right decisions can be made in the financial markets.Skill Development: A good, full-fledged technical trading course seeks to train participants in better analysis and critical thinking. Traders are readily able to acquire knowledge on how best to read the signals in the market, analyze trends, and generally look at price action.Risk Management: Failure to manage risk appropriately is one of the more severe vices of trading. Here, good mentors educate students on ways of managing risks; some of them include setting up stop orders, determining the size of each position, and using leverage properly.Market Psychology: Technical analysis is a good tool for assessing market psychology since it focuses on market action. The patterns and trends shown by this analysis can provide important insights into the underlying psychological causes of market behavior. For example, if a stock has regularly trended upward, it may imply that investors are bullish on the company’s prospects.Hands-On Experience: Some technical trading analysis classes provide opportunities for practice in scenarios that mimic the real incidents of the market. Such experiences enable the student to intertwine practical situations with the theories learned in class and gain confidence in their abilities. Continuous Learning: Compared to other markets, the sphere of stock markets is quite liquid and actively undergoes changes in terms of new trends and technologies. Technical trading analysis courses can be helpful to cover recent changes in the marketplace and learn new and appropriate approaches to stay up-to-date and engage in professional development. Benefits of Technical Analysis Trading Courses: Improved Decision-Making: Many people who attend technical analysis trading courses improve their ability to analyze information related to the markets, understand trends, and invest in stocks effectively.Enhanced Performance: By enhancing their abilities and gaining experience in a practical manner, learners throughout the course learn to enhance their capacities for trading while executing better results in the real financial markets.Career Advancement: A proper knowledge of technical analysis will help the students apply to companies dealing with asset management or become members of proprietary trading firms.Confidence Building: Education from trading analysis courses leaves traders equipped with an understanding of market problems, and prepares them to tackle the markets in an informed manner with a proper plan and perseverance to deal with any problem that could come across.With the help of technical analysis trading courses that are focused on the education and improvement of the trader, people can think about long-term success and the possibility of developing the trading activity in a stable manner in the future. The Best Technical Analysis Trading Course in India INVESMATE, an ISO 9001:2015-certified e-learning platform, offers premium financial education courses in vernacular languages for the general public. INVESMATE provides an all-inclusive approach to stock market education, utilizing an interactive and personalized learning method to assist students in developing the necessary analytical skills and concepts. Digitally enabled practices with experienced trainers assist them in successfully working in the financial industry.Though they started their classes with just 30 students in a small, convenient classroom, after the pandemic, they launched their best technical analysis trading course online. Their major vision is to spread financial literacy in every corner of the world. There are so many people in our society who are least bothered by financial freedom. To fulfill their long-term financial goals, trading becomes one of their sharpest weapons. Therefore, INVESMATE started their technical analysis trading course in vernacular language. Why INVESMATE Will Be Everyone’s First Choice? In the world of social media, one can find several options for stock market platforms where they can learn to trade. But INVESMATE has some unique value in it.INVESMATE is one of the leading platforms for stock market education that has the advantage of online trading classes in vernacular language.They have a panel of experienced and efficient stock market professionals. All the mentors are NISM-certified and are always ready to provide hands-on guidance and attention to each student.They have both theoretical and practical classes. Through LIVE MARKET HOUR, the students can gain practical experience.They have special doubt-clearing sessions in both offline and online classes.They have a NSE Smart Stimulator system through which each student can avail of the NSE Smart Platform for their trading strategies.They have INVESMENTOR. Here you can get live chat support from the market analysts, one-to-one guidance, and upgrade your model portfolio with analysis assistance.Every week, stock enthusiasts can get INVESLETTER to prepare themselves for the next day.There is a premium program on the stock market called INSIGNIA, through which one can become a professional trader.Students get certificates after completing the course. Conclusion In conclusion, technical analysis skills prove to be helpful to traders and investors in their trading, particularly in stock trading. This technique means assessing past stock prices and the occurrence of patterns as a way to make future predictions about the prices. The achievement of this objective enables individuals to epitomize technical analysis in that it facilitates effective decision-making by analyzing technical indicators and chart patterns that, in one way or another, are presumed market trends and patterns. Hopefully, you like today’s blog. Let us know which subject you want to learn from us on our next blog.
What is REIT and InVIT & The Difference Between REIT and InVIT?
Table of Contents Toggle What are REITs?What are InvITs?Differences Between REITs and InvITs1. Structural Variations :2. Revenue Generation and Stability :3. Risk Factors :4. Minimum Investment Requirements :5. Liquidity and Accessibility :6. Growth Outlook :REIT vs InVIT: Which is better ?FAQs Real estate is considered a popular investment option in the world of investment as it provides both capital appreciation and regular income through rent or lease payments.A real estate investment trust (REIT) or an infrastructure investment trust (InvIT) both are like financial tools that let people invest in real estate or infrastructure projects without buying the physical property themselves.REITs and InvITs were introduced in the US during the 1960s and got approved for use in India by a regulatory body called Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in 2014. What are REITs and InvITs and which one is better? We will discuss these in detail through our blog. What are REITs? Real Estate Investment Trusts or REITs provide investors an easy entry point into the real estate market. Like Mutual Funds they pool money from investors and invest across office buildings, malls, and apartments.The main objective of REITs is to generate regular income and long-term capital appreciation through investment.REITs include various asset classes, such as residential properties, office spaces and hospitals, as well as infrastructure assets, such as fibre cables, telecommunication towers and energy pipelines.Read: What are REITs and how to invest in it? What are InvITs? Infrastructure Investment Trusts or InvITs focus on big infrastructure projects like roads, highways, power plants etc. When you invest in an InvIT, you’re putting money into these big projects. In return, you get a regular income through dividends and long-term capital appreciation.Long-term investors are particularly attracted to REITs because of their ability to generate stable cash flow over a long period of time. Since these instruments are new in the Indian investment landscape, there is a lot of uncertainty regarding their efficacy and benefits.Let’s find out what they are and how they differ from each other. Differences Between REITs and InvITs The two investment vehicles REITs and InvITs allow investors to invest in real estate and infrastructure properties, respectively, in an affordable and more convenient way. Let’s know the key differences between REIT and InvIT: 1. Structural Variations : Structurally akin, REITs and InvITs aggregate capital from investors, facilitated by a trustee, sponsor, and manager.REITs primarily invest in finalized and ongoing real estate ventures, mandating 80% of assets in completed income-generating properties.They cannot invest more than 20% in unfinished properties or real estate company debt/shares with less than 75% real estate revenue. Conversely, InvITs focus on various infrastructure such as roads, power plants, similarly completed income-producing projects are mandated to have 80% assets.They restrict to invest more than 20% in other eligible investments. Additionally, InvITs cap investments in unfinished projects, infrastructure debt, or shares not deriving less than 80% income from infrastructure, and cannot exceed 10% of the InvIT’s value. 2. Revenue Generation and Stability : REITs primarily invest in commercial real estate, leasing or selling properties to generate revenue, mandated to allocate 80% of assets to income-generating properties. REITs distribute 90% of income to investors as dividends, with the option to reinvest sale proceeds or distribute to unitholders.InvITs hold operational infrastructure assets like gas pipelines, roads, and power transmission lines, ensuring steady revenue through long-term contracts.InvITs also distribute 90% of net distribution cash flow, with reinvestment or distribution of sale proceeds.REITs offer stability with rental contracts ensuring consistent income, while InvITs’ cash flows depend on various factors, potentially impacting utilization rates. 3. Risk Factors : Non-traded REITs pose unique risks, including valuation opacity, illiquidity, and potential lock-in periods. Moreover, upfront fees can significantly erode overall returns.Publicly-traded REITs face the primary risk of interest rate fluctuations, where rising rates often lead investors to seek safer options despite potential economic indicators favoring REIT performance.InvITs suffer from uncertainty regarding project valuation and dependency on infrastructure usage predictions, exposing investors to potential revenue shortfalls.Project failure risk in InvITs transfers the burden to investors, particularly if revenue projections based on factors like toll collection fail to materialize.Political or regulatory changes present significant risks for InvITs, as alterations in government policies can undermine previously granted concessions, impacting profitability. 4. Minimum Investment Requirements : For REITs, the minimum subscription amount for REITs is Rs10,000 – 15,000. Earlier it was Rs 50,000.For InvITs, the minimum subscription amount for InvITs is Rs 10,000 – 15,000. Earlier it was Rs 1,00,000. 5. Liquidity and Accessibility : REITs generally offer higher liquidity due to lower unit prices and greater familiarity among retail investors with real estate investments.Conversely, InvITs may have lower liquidity and could be less accessible due to their higher unit prices. 6. Growth Outlook : REITs growth is visible through redevelopment, new construction, or asset acquisitions.InvITs growth is gauged through bidding processes for concession assets, which may be less transparent. REIT vs InVIT: Which is better ? Both investment vehicles have their own advantages and disadvantages. The suitability of each investment depends on the individual investor’s investment objectives, risk tolerance, and financial situation.REITs are highly liquid and offer stable income, but due to their popularity, they are traded more on the stock exchange and are prone to market volatility. InvITs, on the other hand, are less liquid, offer less stable income than REITs and are prone to regulatory and political risk. However, they allow you to participate in major infrastructure projects of the company. FAQs 1. What is a REIT? REIT stands for Real Estate Investment Trust. It’s like a company that owns, operates, or finances income-producing real estate. 2. How do REITs make money? REITs make money mainly through rental income from properties they own, and sometimes by selling properties for profit. 3. Are REITs suitable for long-term investing? Yes, REITs can be suitable for long-term investing due to their potential for stable income and growth over time. 4. Can I buy and sell REIT shares like stocks? Yes, you can buy and sell REIT shares on stock exchanges just like stocks. 5. What is an InvIT? InvIT stands for Infrastructure Investment Trust. It’s like a fund that invests in operating infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, power plants, and pipelines. 6. How can I invest in an InvIT? You can invest in an InvIT by buying units of publicly traded InvITs through a broker, or through private InvITs offered by financial institutions. 7. Are InvITs suitable for passive income? Yes, InvITs can be suitable for passive income as they provide regular income distributions to investors. {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. What is a REIT?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"REIT stands for Real Estate Investment Trust. It’s like a company that owns, operates, or finances income-producing real estate."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. How do REITs make money?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"REITs make money mainly through rental income from properties they own, and sometimes by selling properties for profit."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. Are REITs suitable for long-term investing?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, REITs can be suitable for long-term investing due to their potential for stable income and growth over time."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. Can I buy and sell REIT shares like stocks?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, you can buy and sell REIT shares on stock exchanges just like stocks."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. What is an InvIT?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"InvIT stands for Infrastructure Investment Trust. It’s like a fund that invests in operating infrastructure projects like roads, bridges, power plants, and pipelines."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"6. How can I invest in an InvIT?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"You can invest in an InvIT by buying units of publicly traded InvITs through a broker, or through private InvITs offered by financial institutions."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"7. Are InvITs suitable for passive income?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes, InvITs can be suitable for passive income as they provide regular income distributions to investors."}}]}
REIT এবং InVlT কি ? এবং REIT ও InVlT এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য
Table of Contents Toggle REITs কি?InvITs কি?REITs এবং InvITs এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য1. Structural Variations:2. Revenue Generation এবং Stability:3. Risk Factors :4. Minimum Investment Requirements :5. Liquidity এবং Accessibility:6. Growth Outlook :REIT VS InVIT: কোনটি ভাল ?FAQs Investment এর জগতে Real Estate কে একটি Popular Investment Option হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়, কারণ এটি Rent বা Lease Payments এর মাধ্যমে Capital Appreciation এবং Regular Income উভয়েই সাহায্য করে। Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) বা Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT) উভয়ই Financial Tools-র মতো, যা লোকেদের কোন Physical Property না কিনে, বরং Real Estate বা Infrastructure Projects এ বিনিয়োগ করতে দেয়।REITs এবং InvITs 1960-এর দশকে প্রথম মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রে চালু করা হয়েছিল এবং 2014 সালে Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) নামক একটি Regulatory Body –র দ্বারা ভারতে অনুমোদিত হয়েছিল ৷ REIT এবং InvIT কি এবং এদের মধ্যে কোনটা বেশি ভালো? এইসব সম্পর্কে বিস্তারিত আলোচনা করবো আমাদের এই ব্লগটির মাধ্যমে ৷ REITs কি? Real Estate Investment Trusts বা REITs বিনিয়োগকারীদের Real Estate Market এ একটি Easy Entry Point প্রদান করে। মিউচুয়াল ফান্ডের মতো তারা বিনিয়োগকারীদের কাছ থেকে অর্থ সংগ্রহ করে এবং Office Buildings, Malls, এবং Apartments ইত্যাদিতে বিনিয়োগ করে।REITs-এর মূল উদ্দেশ্য হল Investment এর মাধ্যমে Regular Income এবং Long-Term Capital Appreciation করা।REITs-এর বিভিন্ন Asset Classes এর মধ্যে রয়েছে, যেমন Residential Properties, Office Spaces এবং Hospitals, সেই সাথে Infrastructure Assets এর মধ্যে রয়েছে Fiber Cables, Telecommunication Towers এবং Energy Pipelines.Read: REITs কি এবং এটিতে কিভাবে ইনভেস্ট করা যায়? InvITs কি? Infrastructure Investment Trusts বা InvITs Roads, Highways, Power Plants ইত্যাদি বড় Infrastructure Projects এ ফোকাস করে ৷ আপনি যখন একটি InvITs-এ বিনিয়োগ করেন, তখন আপনি এই বড় Projects এ অর্থ লাগান ৷ বিনিময়ে, আপনি Dividends এবং Long-Term Capital Appreciation এর মাধ্যমে Regular Income Generate করেন।দীর্ঘ সময় ধরে Cash Flow Stable করার ক্ষমতার কারণে Long-Term Investor-রা REITs এর দিকে বিশেষভাবে আকর্ষিত হয়। এই Instrument গুলি যেহেতু Indian Investment Landscape এ নতুন, তাই তাদের Efficacy এবং Benefits সম্পর্কে অনেক অনিশ্চয়তা রয়েছে ৷ তাহলে আসুন জেনে নেওয়া যাক, সেগুলো কি এবং কীভাবে তারা একে অপরের থেকে আলাদা। REITs এবং InvITs এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য REITs এবং InvITs দুটি Investment Vehicles-ই বিনিয়োগকারীদের যথাক্রমে, একটি সাশ্রয়ী মূল্যের এবং আরও সুবিধাজনক উপায়ে Real Estate এবং Infrastructure Properties এ বিনিয়োগ করতে দেয় ৷ আসুন REIT এবং InvIT এর Key Difference গুলি জেনে নেওয়া যাক : 1. Structural Variations: Structurally REITs এবং InvITs যে কোন Trustee, Sponsor এবং Manager সহায়তায় বিনিয়োগকারীদের কাছ থেকে Aggregate Capital সংগ্রহ করে।REITs প্রাথমিকভাবে Finalized এবং চলমান Real Estate Ventures এ বিনিয়োগ করে থাকে, যার 80% Assets, Completed Income-Generating Properties এ থাকা বাধ্যতামূলক।তারা 75% এর কম Real Estate Revenue সহ Unfinished Properties বা Real Estate Company-র Debt/Shares এ 20% এর বেশি বিনিয়োগ করতে পারে না। বিপরীতভাবে, InvITs বিভিন্ন Infrastructure এ যেমন Roads, Power Plants এ ফোকাস করে, যেখানে একইভাবে Completed Income-Producing Projects এ 80% Assets থাকা বাধ্যতামূলক।তাদের অন্যান্য Eligible Investments এ 20% এর বেশি বিনিয়োগ করাটা Restricted. উপরন্তু, InvITs Unfinished Projects, Infrastructure Debt, বা শেয়ারে বিনিয়োগ করে যাদের 80% এর কম আয় করে না এমন শেয়ারগুলিতে বিনিয়োগ Restrict করে,এবং যা InvIT-এর Value-র 10% এর বেশি হতে পারে না। 2. Revenue Generation এবং Stability: REITs প্রাথমিকভাবে Commercial Real Estate এ বিনিয়োগ করে, Revenue Generate করার জন্য Properties Leasing বা Selling করে, যেখানে Income-Generating Properties -র ক্ষেত্রে Assets Allocation 80% বাধ্যতামূলক থাকে।REITs তাদের Income এর 90%, বিনিয়োগকারীদের Dividends হিসাবে বিতরণ করে, সাথে বিকল্প পথ সহ বিক্রয়ের আয় পুনরায় বিনিয়োগ করে বা ইউনিটহোল্ডারদের মধ্যে বিতরণ করে দেয়।InvITs, Long-Term Contracts এর মাধ্যমে Steady Revenue নিশ্চিত করে Gas Pipelines, Roads, এবং Power Transmission Lines এর মতো Operational Infrastructure Assets হোল্ড করে।Sale Proceeds এর Reinvestment বা Distribution এর সাথে সাথে, InvITs Net Distribution Cash Flow এর 90% Distribute করে।REITs, Rental Contracts এর সাথে সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ Consistent Income নিশ্চিত করে Stability প্রদান করে, যেখানে InvITs-এর Cash Flows সম্ভাব্য Utilization Rates কে প্রভাবিত করে বিভিন্ন কারণের উপর নির্ভর করে। 3. Risk Factors : Non-Traded REITs Valuation Opacity, Illiquidity, এবং Potential Lock-in Periods সহ বিভিন্ন ঝুঁকি বহন করে। Upfront Fees উল্লেখযোগ্যভাবে Overall Returns কে হ্রাস করতে পারে।Publicly-Traded REITs, Interest Rate Fluctuations এর Primary Risk এর সম্মুখীন হয়, যেখানে ক্রমবর্ধমান হার (Rising Rates) প্রায়ই বিনিয়োগকারীদেরকে নিরাপদ বিকল্প খুঁজতে সাহায্য করে, যদিও Potential Economic Indicators REITs এর পক্ষে থাকে।InvITs এর Project Valuation এ Uncertainty এবং Infrastructure ব্যবহারের পূর্বাভাসের উপর Dependency, বিনিয়োগকারীদের Potential Revenue Shortfalls এর কথা ভাবিয়ে তোলে। InvITs এর ক্ষেত্রে বিশেষ করে Toll Collection এর মতো কারণগুলির উপর ভিত্তি করে Project Failure Risk, বিনিয়োগকারীদের বোঝা (Burden) হস্তান্তর করে Revenue Projections কে ব্যক্ত করতে পারে।Political বা Regulatory Changes InvITs এর জন্য Significant Risk উপস্থাপন করে, কারণ Government Policies এর পরিবর্তনগুলি পূর্বে দেওয়া ছাড়গুলিকে ক্ষুন্ন করতে পারে, যা Profitability কে প্রভাবিত করে ৷ 4. Minimum Investment Requirements : REITs-এর জন্য, REITs-এর Minimum Subscription Amount হল ₹10,000 – ₹15,000. যেখানে আগে এটি ছিল ₹50,000.InvITs-এর জন্য, InvITs-এর Minimum Subscription Amount হল ₹10,000 – ₹15,000. যেখানে আগে এটি ছিল ₹1,00,000. 5. Liquidity এবং Accessibility: REITs সাধারণত কম ইউনিটের দাম এবং Real Estate Investments -র সাথে Retail Investor-দের মধ্যে অধিক পরিচিতির কারণে Higher Liquidity অফার করে।বিপরীতভাবে, InvITs-এর Lower Liquidity থাকতে পারে এবং তাদের ইউনিটের উচ্চ মূল্যের কারণে কম Accessible হতে পারে। 6. Growth Outlook : REITs এর বৃদ্ধি Redevelopment, New Construction, বা Asset Acquisitions এর মাধ্যমে দৃশ্যমান।InvITs এর বৃদ্ধির পরিমাপ করা হয় Concession Assets এর Bidding Process এর মাধ্যমে, যা Less Transparent হতে পারে। REIT VS InVIT: কোনটি ভাল ? উভয় Investment Vehicles এরই নিজস্ব সুবিধা এবং অসুবিধা আছে। প্রতিটি বিনিয়োগের উপযুক্ততা বিনিয়োগকারীর বিনিয়োগের Objectives, Risk Tolerance, এবং Financial Situation এর উপর নির্ভর করে।REITs, Highly Liquid হয় এবং Stable Income অফার করে, কিন্তু তাদের জনপ্রিয়তার কারণে, তারা Stock Exchange এ বেশি Trade হয়ে থাকে এবং Market Volatility র Prone এ থাকে। অন্যদিকে, InvITs Less Liquid হয়, REITs-এর তুলনায় Less Stable Income অফার করে এবং Regulatory ও Political risk এর সম্মুখে থাকে। যাইহোক, তারা আপনাকে কোম্পানির Major Infrastructure Projects এ অংশগ্রহণ করতে সাহায্য করে। FAQs 1. REIT কি? REIT এর পুরো কথা হল Real Estate Investment Trust. এটি একটি কোম্পানির মতো যা Income-Producing Real Estate Owns করে এবং সাথে তা Operates ও তার Financing করে। 2. REITs কিভাবে অর্থ উপার্জন করে? REITs মূলত তাদের মালিকানাধীন Properties থেকে Rental Income এর মাধ্যমে এবং কখনও কখনও লাভের জন্য Properties বিক্রি করে অর্থ উপার্জন করে। 3. REITs কি Long-Term Investing এর জন্য উপযুক্ত? হ্যাঁ, REITs Long-Term Investing এর জন্য উপযুক্ত হতে পারে, কারণ তাদের Stable Income এবং সময়ের সাথে বৃদ্ধির সম্ভাবনা রয়েছে। 4. আমি কি স্টকের মতো REITs এর শেয়ার কিনতে ও বিক্রি করতে পারি? হ্যাঁ, আপনি স্টকের মতোই Stock Exchanges এ REITs এর শেয়ার কিনতে এবং বিক্রি করতে পারেন। 5. InvIT কি? InvIT এর পুরো কথা হল Infrastructure Investment Trust. এটি এক ধরনের ফান্ডের মতো যা Roads, Bridges, Power Plants, এবং Pipelines এর মতো Infrastructure Projects পরিচালনায় বিনিয়োগ করে। 6. আমি কিভাবে InvIT-এ বিনিয়োগ করতে পারি? আপনি একজন Broker এর মাধ্যমে Publicly Traded InvITs এর ইউনিট কিনে অথবা Financial Institutions-র Offer করা Private InvITs এর মাধ্যমে বিনিয়োগ করতে পারেন। 7. InvITs কি Passive Income র জন্য উপযুক্ত? হ্যাঁ, InvITs Passive Income -র জন্য উপযুক্ত হতে পারে, কারণ তারা বিনিয়োগকারীদের Regular Income Distributions করে। {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. REIT \u0995\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"REIT \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09b9\u09b2 Real Estate Investment Trust. \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0995\u09cb\u09ae\u09cd\u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09af\u09be Income-Producing Real Estate Owns \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be Operates \u0993 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0 Financing \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. REITs \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"REITs \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09a4 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u0995\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09a7\u09c0\u09a8 Properties \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 Rental Income \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u0993 \u0995\u0996\u09a8\u0993 \u09b2\u09be\u09ad\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af Properties \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5 \u0989\u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u099c\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. REITs \u0995\u09bf Long-Term Investing \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0981, REITs Long-Term Investing \u098f\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 Stable Income \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09be\u09a5\u09c7 \u09ac\u09c3\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09bf\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09a8\u09be \u09b0\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. \u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb REITs \u098f\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u0993 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0981, \u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf \u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb\u0987 Stock Exchanges \u098f REITs \u098f\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09a4\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ac\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. InvIT \u0995\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"InvIT \u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09b0\u09cb \u0995\u09a5\u09be \u09b9\u09b2 Infrastructure Investment Trust. \u098f\u099f\u09bf \u098f\u0995 \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ab\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb \u09af\u09be Roads, Bridges, Power Plants, \u098f\u09ac\u0982 Pipelines \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09a4\u09cb Infrastructure Projects \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u099a\u09be\u09b2\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"6. \u0986\u09ae\u09bf \u0995\u09bf\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 InvIT-\u098f \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09bf?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u0986\u09aa\u09a8\u09bf \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 Broker \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 Publicly Traded InvITs \u098f\u09b0 \u0987\u0989\u09a8\u09bf\u099f \u0995\u09bf\u09a8\u09c7 \u0985\u09a5\u09ac\u09be Financial Institutions-\u09b0 Offer \u0995\u09b0\u09be Private InvITs \u098f\u09b0 \u09ae\u09be\u09a7\u09cd\u09af\u09ae\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"7. InvITs \u0995\u09bf Passive Income \u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"\u09b9\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u0981, InvITs Passive Income -\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u0989\u09aa\u09af\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a4\u09c7 \u09aa\u09be\u09b0\u09c7, \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u09a4\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09cb\u0997\u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09c0\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 Regular Income Distributions \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964"}}]}
Basics Of Stock Analysis in Bengali
কোন স্টকের Fundamental এবং Technical দিকগুলি বুঝতে হলে Stocks Analysis করতে শেখাটা অত্যন্ত জরুরী।Stocks Analysis সম্পর্কে সংক্ষেপে জেনে নিন আমাদের এই পোস্টের মাধ্যমে – #Stocks_Analysis #Fundamental_Aspects #Technical_Aspects #Ratios #The_Tips #Please_Share_&_Like #Invesmate #Stocks_Analysis #sharemarket #stockmarketnews
